Anti-Tumor - Administration of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to laboratory animals and cultured macrophages induces tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), a pro-inflammatory cytokine. Pretreatment with Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) inhibited the in vivo production of TNF-α (measured by ELISA) after challenge with LPS.

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Ginkgo biloba has been reported to improve cognitive function in older adults and patients with Alzheimer’s disease and multi-infarct dementia. We conducted an open-label phase II study of this botanical product in symptomatic irradiated brain tumor survivors.

Some improvement in quality of life and cognitive function were noted with Ginkgo biloba. However, treatment with Ginkgo biloba was associated with a high dropout rate.

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Anti-Cancer - Recent studies conducted with various molecular, cellular and whole animal models have revealed that leaf extracts of Ginkgo biloba may have anticancer (chemopreventive) properties that are related to their antioxidant, anti‐angiogenic and gene‐regulatory actions.

The antioxidant and associated anti‐lipoperoxidative effects of Ginkgo extracts appear to involve both their flavonoid and terpenoid constituents.

In humans, Ginkgo extracts inhibit the formation of radiation‐induced (chromosome‐damaging) clastogenic factors and ultraviolet light‐induced oxidative stress – effects that may also be associated with anticancer activity.

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In this study, we examined epidemiological data regarding effects of commonly used herbal supplements on risk for ovarian cancer and sought supporting biological evidence.

This combined epidemiological and biological data provide supportive evidence for further studies of the chemopreventive or therapeutic effects of Ginkgo and ginkgolides on ovarian cancer.

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The present study was conducted in order to further define the role of PBR in cancer and to extend our recent findings regarding the possible anticancer effects of the standardized Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761.

Since EGb 761 treatment opposes this aggressive phenotype by decreasing PBR overexpression, it could be