INSULIN PROTECTS CANCER CELLS FROM APOPTOSIS
If you are serious about beating and preventing cancer then you want to be secreting as little insulin as possible while remaining as insulin sensitive as possible. That means you only want a tiny amount of insulin being utilized to maintain healthy blood sugar levels.
How?
Simple! 22/2 daily intermittent fasting with blends and strict non dairy paleo keto diet.
SCIENCE
“We report here that insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) fully protect HT29-D4 colon carcinoma cell”
Insulin-like Growth Factor-I Protects Colon Cancer Cells from Death Factor-induced Apoptosis by Potentiating Tumor Necrosis Factor α-induced Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase and Nuclear Factor κB Signaling Pathways
The role of the insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-IR) in programmed cell death has been investigated in vivo in a biodiffusion chamber, where the extent of cell death could be determined quantitatively. We found that a decrease in the number of IGF-IRs causes massive apoptosis in vivo in several transplantable tumors, either from humans or rodents. Conversely, an overexpressed IGF-IR protects cells from apoptosis in vivo. We also show that the same conditions that in vitro cause only partial growth arrest with a minimum of cell death, induce in vivo almost complete cell death. We conclude that the IGF-IR activated by its ligands plays a very important protective role in programmed cell death, and that its protective action is even more striking in vivo than in vitro
The Insulin-like Growth Factor I Receptor Protects Tumor Cells from Apoptosis in Vivo
Insulin‐like growth factor (IGF)‐I protects many cell types from apoptosis. As a result, it is possible that IGF‐I‐responsive cancer cells may be resistant to apoptosis‐inducing chemotherapies. Therefore, we examined the effects of IGF‐I on paclitaxel and doxorubicin‐induced apoptosis in the IGF‐I‐responsive breast cancer cell line MCF‐7. Both drugs caused DNA laddering in a dose‐dependent fashion, and IGF‐I reduced the formation of ladders. We next examined the effects of IGF‐I and estradiol on cell survival following drug treatment in monolayer culture. IGF‐I, but not estradiol, increased survival of MCF‐7 cells in the presence of either drug. Cell cycle progression and counting of trypan‐blue stained cells showed that IGF‐I was inducing proliferation in paclitaxel‐treated but not doxorubicin‐treated cells. However, IGF‐I decreased the fraction of apoptotic cells in doxorubicin‐ but not paclitaxel‐treated cells. Recent work has shown that mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphotidylinositol‐3 (PI‐3) kinase are activated by IGF‐I in these cells. PI‐3 kinase activation has been linked to anti‐apoptotic functions while MAPK activation is associated with proliferation. We found that IGF‐I rescue of doxorubicin‐induced apoptosis required PI‐3 kinase but not MAPK function, suggesting that IGF‐I inhibited apoptosis. In contrast, IGF‐I rescue of paclitaxel‐induced apoptosis required both PI‐3 kinase and MAPK, suggesting that IGF‐I‐mediated protection was due to enhancement of proliferation. Therefore, IGF‐I attenuated the response of breast cancer cells to doxorubicin and paclitaxel by at least two mechanisms: induction of proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis. Thus, inhibition of IGF‐I action could be a useful adjuvant to cytotoxic chemotherapy in breast cancer.
Insulin‐like growth factor (IGF)‐I rescues breast cancer cells from chemotherapy‐induced cell death – proliferative and anti‐apoptotic effects
Extracellular matrix (ECM) is known to influence the apoptotic response of cells; therefore, the antiapoptotic effect of IGF-1 on breast cancer cells was examined using different ECMs: laminin, collagen IV, or Matrigel. IGF-1 protected cells from apoptosis induced by methotrexate on all ECMs tested, providing the first evidence that IGF-1 protects against apoptosis in three-dimensional culture systems. These data provide the rationale to search for drugs that lower serum IGF-1 in an effort to improve the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs for the treatment of breast cancer.
Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) Alters Drug Sensitivity of HBL100 Human Breast Cancer Cells by Inhibition of Apoptosis Induced by Diverse Anticancer Drugs
The extent of apoptosis in vivo is correlated to the decrease in IGF-IR levels and, in turn, tumorigenesis in nude mice is correlated to the fraction of surviving cells . In syngeneic rats, a host response leads to complete inhibition of tumorigenesis. These findings establish, for the first time on a quantitative basis, the relationship between IGF-IR levels and the extent of apoptosis, as well as the relationship between the initial apoptotic event and the time of appearance of transplantable tumors.
Correlation between Apoptosis, Tumorigenesis, and Levels of Insulin-like Growth Factor I Receptors
Ketosis was associated inversely with serum insulin levels (P = 0.03).
Conclusion
Preliminary data demonstrate that an insulin-inhibiting diet is safe and feasible in selected patients with advanced cancer.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0899900712001864
As with insulin, inhibition of IGF-1 signaling has anti-cancer effects.
The Links Between Insulin Resistance, Diabetes, and Cancer
The role of the insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-IR) in programmed cell death has been investigated in vivo in a biodiffusion chamber, where the extent of cell death could be determined quantitatively. We found that a decrease in the number of IGF-IRs causes massive apoptosis in vivo in several transplantable tumors, either from humans or rodents. Conversely, an overexpressed IGF-IR protects cells from apoptosis in vivo . We also show that the same conditions that in vitro cause only partial growth arrest with a minimum of cell death, induce in vivo almost complete cell death. We conclude that the IGF-IR activated by its ligands plays a very important protective role in programmed cell death.
Multiple myeloma cell lines express functional receptors for insulin‐like growth factors (IGFs) and several cell types that make up the bone marrow microenvironment produce these cytokines. This suggests that IGFs may play a role in survival and/or expansion of the malignant clone within the marrow in patients with multiple myeloma. We tested the effects of these growth factors on myeloma cells challenged with dexamethasone. Dye exclusion and MTT assays demonstrated that both IGF‐I and IGF‐II protected the 8226 and dox‐40 myeloma cell lines and three primary myeloma cultures from dexamethasone‐induced cytotoxicity in a dose‐dependent fashion. Morphologic studies of target cells and their nuclei as well as DNA electrophoresis confirmed the IGFs afforded protection against dexamethasone‐induced apoptosis. Insulin also protected but was less impressive and required much higher concentrations. IGFs also protected against cycloheximide‐induced apoptosis but were ineffective against serum starvation, topoisomerase II inhibitors, or anti‐fas antibodies. IGF‐induced protection against dexamethasone was not associated with any alteration in quantitative or qualitative expression of BCL‐2, BAX or BCL‐X proteins. These data indicate that insulin‐like growth factors may play a role in maintenance of the malignant clone in patients with myeloma by protecting tumour cells from apoptotic death.
Resistance of cancer cells against apoptosis induced by death factors contributes to the limited efficiency of immune- and drug-induced destruction of tumors. We report here that insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) fully protect HT29-D4 colon carcinoma cells from IFNg/tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF) induced apoptosis. Survival signaling initiated by IGF-I was not dependent on the canonical survival pathway involving phosphatidylinositol 3*-kinase. In addition, neither pp70S6K nor protein kinase C conveyed IGF-I antiapoptotic function. Inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) with the MAPK/ERK kinase inhibitor PD098059 and MAPK/p38 with the specific inhibitor SB203580 partially reversed, in a nonadditive manner, the IGF-I survival effect. Inhibition of nuclear factor kB (NF-kB) activity by preventing degradation of the inhibitor of NF-kB (IkB-a) with BAY 11-7082 also blocked in part the IGF-I antiapoptotic effect. However, the complete reversal of the IGF-I effect was obtained only when NF-kB and either MAPK/ERK or MAPK/p38 were inhibited together. Because these pathways are also those used by TNF to signal inflammation and survival, these data point to a cross talk between IGF-Iand TNF-induced signaling. We further report that TNF-induced IL-8 production was indeed strongly enhanced upon IGF-I addition, and this effect was totally abrogated by both MAPK and NF-kB inhibitors. The IGF-I antiapoptotic function was stimulus-dependent because Fas- and IFN/Fas-induced apoptosis was not efficiently inhibited by IGF-I. This was correlated with the weak ability of Fas ligation to enhance IL-8 production in the presence or absence of IGF-I. These findings indicate that the antiapoptotic function of IGF-I in HT29-D4 cells is based on the enhancement of the survival pathways initiated by TNF, but not Fas, and mediated by MAPK/p38, MAPK/ERK, and NF-kB, which act in concert to suppress the proapoptotic signals . In agreement with this model, we show that it was possible to render HT29-D4 cells resistant to Fas-induced apoptosis provided that IGF-I and TNF receptors were activated simultaneously.
Diet contributes to over one-third of cancer deaths in the Western world, yet the factors in the diet that influence cancer are not elucidated. A reduction in caloric intake dramatically slows cancer progression in rodents, and this may be a major contribution to dietary effects on cancer. Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is lowered during dietary restriction (DR) in both humans and rats. Because IGF-I modulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis, the mechanisms behind the protective effects of DR may depend on the reduction of this multifaceted growth factor. To test this hypothesis, IGF-I was restored during DR to ascertain if lowering of IGF-I was central to slowing bladder cancer progression during DR. Heterozygous p53-deficient mice received a bladder carcinogen, p -cresidine, to induce preneoplasia. After confirmation of bladder urothelial preneoplasia, the mice were divided into three groups: (a ) ad libitum ; (b ) 20% DR; and (c ) 20% DR pius IGF-I (IGF-I/DR). Serum IGF-I was lowered 24% by DR but was completely restored in the IGF-I/DR-treated mice using recombinant IGF-I administered via osmotic minipumps. Although tumor progression was decreased by DR, restoration of IGF-I serum levels in DR-treated mice increased the stage of the cancers. Furthermore, IGF-I modulated tumor progression independent of changes in body weight. Rates of apoptosis in the preneoplastic lesions were 10 times higher in DR-treated mice compared to those in IGF/DR- and ad libitum -treated mice. Administration of IGF-I to DR-treated mice also stimulated cell proliferation 6-fold in hyperplastic foci. In conclusion, DR lowered IGF-I levels, thereby favoring apoptosis over cell proliferation and ultimately slowing tumor progression. This is the first mechanistic study demonstrating that IGF-I supplementation abrogates the protective effect of DR on neoplastic progression.
A chimeric humanized single-chain antibody against the type I Insulin -like growth factor (IGF) receptor renders breast cancer cells refractory to the mitogenic effects of … A Common Promoter Polymorphism (-23HphI) in Insulin Gene and Susceptibility to Colorectal cancer A dominant negative mutant of the Insulin -like growth factor-I receptor inhibits the adhesion, invasion, and metastasis of breast cancer A dominant negative type I Insulin -like growth factor receptor inhibits metastasis of human cancer cells A framework for the in vitro evaluation of cancer -relevant molecular characteristics and mitogenic potency of Insulin analogues A higher prediagnostic Insulin level is a prospective risk factor for incident prostate cancer A ketogenic diet reduces central obesity and serum Insulin in women with ovarian or endometrial cancer A kinome-wide screen identifies the Insulin /IGF-I receptor pathway as a mechanism of escape from hormone dependence in breast cancer A longitudinal study of serum Insulin and glucose levels in relation to colorectal cancer risk among postmenopausal women A Mechanistic Investigation of Insulin Receptor Substrate 2 Function in Breast cancer Progression A mendelian randomization study for the potential causal effect of genetically driven Insulin resistance on invasive breast cancer A nested case-control study of stomach cancer and serum Insulin -like growth factor (IGF)-1, IGF-2 and IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-3 A New Insulin -Like Growth Factor Binding Protein (mac25) and its Role in Breast cancer and Cell Growth Control A New Insulin -Like Growth Factor Binding Protein and Its Role in Breast cancer and Cell Growth A new single nucleotide polymorphism in the Insulin -like growth factor I regulatory region associates with colorectal cancer risk in Singapore Chinese A novel and selective 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 inhibitor, PF-5177624, blocks Insulin -like growth factor-1 induced tumorigenesis in breast cancer cells A novel autocrine loop involving IGF-II and the Insulin receptor isoform-A stimulates growth of thyroid cancer A novel mechanism underlying prostate cancer progression: an investigation into the impact of Insulin like growth factors (IGFs), PTEN and IGFBP2 on TMPRSS2 … A Novel Member of the Insulin -Like Growth Factor Binding Protein Superfamily in Prostate cancer A novel role for Insulin resistance in the connection between obesity and postmenopausal breast cancer A novel synthetic human Insulin super promoter for targeting PDX-1-expressing pancreatic cancer A novel targeted oral Insulin -like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) inhibitor and its implications for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): A phase I clinical … A novel unidirectional cross-talk from the Insulin -like growth factor-I receptor to leptin receptor in human breast cancer cells A phase II study of Insulin -like growth factor receptor inhibition with nordihydroguaiaretic acid in men with non-metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer A pilot randomised controlled trial to reduce colorectal cancer risk markers associated with B-vitamin deficiency, Insulin resistance and colonic inflammation A pilot safety-feasibility dietary trial targeting Insulin inhibition in ten patients with advanced cancer A population-based cohort study in Taiwan––use of Insulin sensitizers can decrease cancer risk in diabetic patients? A preliminary study on the relationship of Insulin -like growth factor-Ⅰ receptor and the carcinogenesis of gastde cancer A prospective evaluation of Insulin and Insulin -like growth factor-I as risk factors for endometrial cancer . A prospective study of anthropometric and clinical measurements associated with Insulin resistance syndrome and colorectal cancer in male smokers A prospective study of C-peptide, Insulin -like growth factor-I, Insulin -like growth factor binding protein-1, and the risk of colorectal cancer in women A prospective study of Insulin ‐like growth factor‐I, IGF‐binding proteins‐1,‐2 and‐3 and lung cancer risk in women A prospective study of serum Insulin -like growth factor-I (IGF-I), IGF-II, IGF-binding protein-3 and breast cancer risk A prospective study of the Insulin -like growth factor axis in relation with prostate cancer in the SU. VI. MAX trial A protease resistant Insulin like growth factor binding protein 4 as a treatment for prostate cancer A review of obesity, Insulin resistance, and the role of exercise in breast cancer patients A Salutary Tale—Glargine Insulin and cancer risk A sequence repeat in the Insulin ‐like growth factor‐1 gene and risk of breast cancer A serum-free and Insulin -supplemented cell culture medium ensures fatty acid synthesis gene activation in cancer cells A Significance of Insulin -like Growth Factors (IGFs) and Insulin -like Growth Factor Binding Proteins (IGFBPs) in Ascites of Ovarian cancer Patients A study of prostate cancer and its association with dyslipidemia, elevated Insulin levels in blood, and relative Insulin resistance prevalent in South East Asia A study on Insulin receptor on human hepatocellular cancer cell membrane A Study on Insulin Resistance and Obesity Among Women at High Risk for Breast cancer Using Cluster Analysis. A synergistic combination strategy for optimal inhibition of colon cancer stem cells: Simultaneous inhibition of Insulin -like growth factor-1 receptor-AKT-mammalian … A tale of two receptors: Insulin and Insulin -like growth factor signaling in cancer A twenty-first century cancer epidemic caused by obesity: the involvement of Insulin , diabetes, and Insulin -like growth factors A Type I Insulin -Like Growth Factor Receptor Kinase Inhibitor (PQIP) Enhances the Cytotoxicity of Doxorubicin in Human cancer Cell Lines. A63 DEATH TO THE INFIDELS! CELLULAR APOPTOSIS IN LUNG DISEASE: Insulin Receptor Suppresses Apoptosis In H-292 Human Bronchial Epithelial cancer … Abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat increase, Insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia in testicular cancer patients treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy Aberrant cross-talk and expression of β1 integrins and type 1 Insulin -like growth factor receptor during prostate cancer progression. Aberrant neuronal cell cycle re-entry: The pathological confluence of Alzheimer’s disease and brain Insulin resistance, and its relation to cancer Abnormality of growth hormone and Insulin -like growth factor I axis in advanced cancer patients About the Role of Insulin in the Interaction Between Human Immune and Colon cancer Cells Absence of down-regulation of Insulin receptors in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) cultured in serum-free medium: comparison with epidermal growth factor Absence of the common Insulin -like growth factor-1 19-repeat allele is associated with early age at breast cancer diagnosis in multiparous women Absence of the full-length breast cancer –associated gene-1 leads to increased expression of Insulin -like growth factor signaling axis members Abstract A10: Insulin resistance’s effect on PSA level for prostate cancer screening Abstract A33: Utilizing Insulin the treatment of prostate cancer with BKM120 abrogates the therapeutic effect of PI3K pathway inhibition Abstract A35: Insulin and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 cooperate to increase the viability of pancreatic cancer cells Abstract A43: Basal expression of Insulin -like growth factor 1 receptor determines intrinsic resistance of cancer cells to a PI3K inhibitor ZSTK474 Abstract A44: Suppression of Insulin -induced fatty acid synthase gene expression and colon cancer cell proliferation by members of the Krüppel-like family of … Abstract A46: Pharmacodynamic biomarkers for OSI‐906, an Insulin ‐like growth factor‐1 receptor (IGF‐1R) tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in cancer patients with advanced … Abstract A58: Role of Insulin -like growth factor binding protein acid labile complex in ER-PR-Her2+ breast cancer in African American women. Abstract A61: Smoking modifies the association of Insulin sensitivity biomarkers and pancreatic cancer risk Abstract B115: Plasma Insulin ‐like growth factor 1, binding protein‐3, and risk of prostate cancer : An update from the Health Professional Follow‐up Study 1993–2004 Abstract B129: Preclinical assessment of targeting Insulin ‐like growth factor‐2 in bone metastasis from prostate cancer by a human neutralizing antibody (m610) and … Abstract B22: Modulation of Insulin -like growth factor binding proteins expression in human prostate cancer cells in vitro by american cranberry (Vaccinium … Abstract B232: Preclinical evaluation of AMG479 a fully human Insulin ‐like growth factor receptor‐1 (IGFR1) antibody in ovarian cancer cells Abstract B39: Modulation of Insulin receptor alternative splicing to develop cancer therapeutics Abstract B51: The tyrphostin, NT157, suppresses Insulin receptor substrates and augments therapeutic response of prostate cancer Abstract B59: Race-related differential splicing of the Insulin receptor: A novel target underlying prostate cancer disparities Abstract B76: Evidence of a causal association between fasting Insulin concentrations and endometrial cancer : A Mendelian randomization analysis Abstract CN13-04: Obesity, Insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and cancer : A novel role for metformin as an anticancer drug Abstract D118: Insulin receptor splicing regulation as a potential target for improved prostate cancer disparity outcomes Abstract ES9-1: Role for IGF/Insulin signaling in breast cancer Abstract KN01: Keynote Lecture: PI 3-kinase links obesity, Insulin resistance, and cancer Abstract LB-187: Dietary energy balance modulation of Kras-and Ink4a/Arf+/-driven pancreatic cancer : the role of Insulin -like growth factor-1. Abstract LB-28: The IGF/Insulin signaling axis TMPRSS2: ERG and prostate cancer survival. Abstract LB-329: Use of Insulin sensitizers is associated with better hormone-receptor pattern and improved breast cancer outcomes Abstract NTOC-097: VACCINATION TARGETING Insulin –LIKE GROWTH FACTOR BINDING PROTEIN–2 (IGFBP–2) IN ADVANCED OVARIAN cancer : SAFETY … Abstract P1-04-03: Knocking down Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 7 in breast cancer : The role in Insulin -like Growth Factor-I/Phospholipase Cγ-1 signaling Abstract P1-07-03: Dual inhibition of IGF1R and Insulin receptor in estrogen receptor positive and triple negative breast cancer and monitoring blockade of metastasis … Abstract P1-08-10: Insulin resistance and breast cancer incidence and mortality in postmenopausal women Abstract P1-12-12: The Insulin like growth factor axis and development of tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer Abstract P1-21-05: A novel long-acting Insulin for cancer therapy reduces xenograft tumor growth Abstract P2-06-03: Insulin receptor isoform signaling in breast cancer Abstract P2-07-03: Insulin and breast cancer risk: Novel insights from mammographic density analyses Abstract P2-16-18: Does Insulin resistance predict complete response in breast cancer patients who underwent neoadjuvant treatment? Abstract P3-05-13: Overexpression of Insulin receptor substrate 4 can mediate acquired resistance to lapatinib-containing regimens in HER2+ breast cancer cells Abstract P3-07-03: Insulin -like growth factor-1 receptor variant associated with decreased breast cancer risk in women with pregnancy-induced hypertension Abstract P3-07-54: Insulin -like growth factor 1 receptor expression and polymorphism are associated with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer … Abstract P3-10-09: Gene deletion of IRS1 inhibited IGF-I, Insulin and estradiol stimulated MCF-7L breast cancer cell growth Abstract P4-04-07: Heterogeneous gene fusions detected by RNASeq show enrichment of Insulin signaling pathway genes in breast cancer Abstract P4-06-02: Insulin receptor targeting in breast cancer through yeast surface display Abstract P4-06-03: Targeting the Insulin receptor with a small peptide (S961) in cancer Abstract P4-11-02: Worse breast cancer prognosis in Insulin treated diabetic patients-A population based registry study in Sweden Abstract P4-13-07: Meta-analysis of epidemiological studies of Insulin Glargine and Breast cancer Risk Abstract P5-07-05: Insulin -like growth factor binding protein-3 is a key component of the breast cancer cell response to DNA-damaging therapy Abstract P6-09-05: Insulin Resistance, Diabetes Mellitus and Breast cancer Risk in Pre-and Postmenopausal Women: Modification Effect by Moderate Physical … Abstract P6-12-05: Inducible suppression of Insulin receptor substrate I inhibits IGF-I/Insulin /estradiol dependent cell growth in MCF-7L breast cancer cells Abstract P6-15-09: Insulin -Like Growth Factor Receptor I (IGF1R) Inhibitors May Be Synergistic with Chemotherapy in Basal Breast cancer Abstract PD2-07: Insulin receptor substrate (IRS) targeting by the tyrophostin NT157 inhibits breast cancer cell growth Abstract PD2-5: Low carbohydrate dietary intervention improves Insulin , hormonal levels and inflammatory markers in early stage, postmenopausal breast cancer … Abstract# 34: Colored potato functional compounds suppress Insulin -like growth factor-1-promoted prostate cancer cell proliferation and elevate apoptosis through … Abstract# 3421: Her-2 over expression induces metabolic transformation resulting in Insulin -independence in human breast cancer cells Abstract# 3900: Resveratrol suppresses Insulin -like growth factor-1 promoted colon cancer cell growth via activation of p53/AMPK/TSC-2 and suppression of IGF-1R … Abstract# 4288: Differential Insulin -like growth factor II (IGF-II) expression may impact breast cancer incidence and survival among African-American and Caucasian … Abstract# 4404: Possible role of Insulin -like growth factor I in breast cancer proliferation via the CYP1A1 epoxygenase pathway Abstract# 4874: Insulin , Insulin -like growth factor-I, and risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women Abstract# 5048: Deoxycholic acid induces endocytosis of the Insulin -like growth factor-I receptor in colorectal cancer cells Abstract# 793: Elevated epithelial Insulin -like growth factor expression is a risk factor for lung cancer development Abstract# 794: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone promotes motility and invasiveness of ovarian cancer cells through transactivation of the Insulin -like growth factor-1 … Abstract# 795: The role of tissue expressed Insulin -like growth factor (IGF) and the Janus effects of IGFBP-3 in lung cancer development Abstract# 827: Antitumor effect of diethylstilbestrol (DES) in combination with an Insulin -like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) antibody in preclinical prostate cancer . Abstract# LB-280: Expression of early placenta Insulin -like growth factor in breast cancer a prerequisite of metastasis forming disseminated tumor cells? Acanthosis nigricans and severe Insulin resistance in an adolescent girl with thyroid cancer : clinical response to antineoplastic therapy Acquired resistance to tamoxifen is associated with loss of the type I Insulin -like growth factor receptor: implications for breast cancer treatment Actions of pituitary prolactin and Insulin -like growth factor II in human breast cancer Activated Insulin -like growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway is a potential therapeutic target for brain metastasis from lung cancer . Activated α2-macroglobulin binding to human prostate cancer cells triggers Insulin -like responses Activation of epidermal growth factor receptor/Insulin -like growth factor 1 receptor-β-Catenin-CD44 pathway in periampullary cancer Activation of Insulin receptors and IGF-1 receptors in COLO-205 colon cancer xenografts by Insulin and Insulin analogue X10 does not enhance growth under … Activation of Insulin -like growth factor 1 receptor in patients with non-small cell lung cancer Activation of Insulin -like growth factor 1 receptor regulates the radiation-induced lung cancer cell apoptosis Activation of Insulin ‐like growth factor‐1 receptor confers acquired resistance to osimertinib in non‐small cell lung cancer with EGFR T790M mutation Activation of integrin and ceramide signalling pathways can inhibit the mitogenic effect of Insulin -like growth factor I (IGF-I) in human breast cancer cell lines Activator protein-2 overexpression accounts for increased Insulin receptor expression in human breast cancer Adipocyte-released Insulin -like growth factor-1 is regulated by glucose and fatty acids and controls breast cancer cell growth in vitro Adipocytokines, obesity, and Insulin resistance during combined androgen blockade for prostate cancer Adipokines and Insulin resistance in young adult survivors of childhood cancer Adipokines, Insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and breast cancer recurrence: a cohort study Adiponectin, leptin, and Insulin -pathway receptors as endometrial cancer subtyping markers Adiponectin: the “unusual suspect” between Insulin resistance and cancer ? Adipose Estrogen and Increased Breast cancer Risk in Obesity: Regulation by Leptin and Insulin Adiposity and estrogen receptor‐positive, postmenopausal breast cancer risk: Quantification of the mediating effects of fasting Insulin and free estradiol Adrenomedullin is up-regulated in patients with pancreatic cancer and causes Insulin resistance in β cells and mice Advance on Insulin -like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2 in Lung cancer and Other Solid Tumors Advances in Insulin -like growth factor biology and-directed cancer therapeutics Advances in targeting Insulin -like growth factor signaling pathway in cancer treatment Affinity for the Insulin -like growth factor-II (IGF-II) receptor inhibits autocrine IGF-II activity in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Age and Insulin levels in breast cancer women and healthy women Aging and cancer -related loss of Insulin -like growth factor 2 imprinting in the mouse and human prostate AIB1/SRC-3 deficiency affects Insulin -like growth factor I signaling pathway and suppresses v-Ha-ras-induced breast cancer initiation and progression in mice Aiming for the Insulin -like Growth Factor-1 system in breast cancer therapeutics AKT activation up-regulates Insulin -like growth factor I receptor expression and promotes invasiveness of human pancreatic cancer cells Alterations in laminin expression modulate prostate cancer cell behavior through changes in integrin and Insulin -like growth factor receptor actions Alterations in promoter usage and expression levels of Insulin -like growth factor-II and H19 genes in cervical and endometrial cancer Alterations in Promoter Usage and Expression Levels of Insulin -like Growth Factor-II and H19 Genes in Cervical andEndometrial cancer Alterations in serum levels of Insulin ‐like growth factors and Insulin ‐like growth‐factor‐binding proteins in patients with colorectal cancer Alterations in the expression of Insulin -like growth factors and their binding proteins in lung cancer Alterations in the Insulin -like growth factor system during treatment with diethylstilboestrol in patients with metastatic breast cancer Alterations of Insulin -like growth factor-1 receptor gene copy number and protein expression are common in non-small cell lung cancer Altered expression of Insulin receptor isoforms in breast cancer Altered expression of Insulin -like growth factor II receptor in human pancreatic cancer . Altered glucose metabolism and Insulin resistance in cancer -induced cachexia: a sweet poison Altered Insulin response to glucose in weight-losing cancer patients. Altered serum levels of Insulin -like growth-factor binding proteins in breast cancer patients Alternative splicing of Insulin receptor mRNA in cancer and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a review Alternative tyrosine phosphorylation of signaling kinases according to hormone receptor status in breast cancer overexpressing the Insulin ‐like growth factor receptor … An anti-Insulin -like growth factor I receptor antibody that is a potent inhibitor of cancer cell proliferation An antibody targeting the type I Insulin -like growth factor receptor enhances the castration-induced response in androgen-dependent prostate cancer An epidemiologic investigation of the roles of plasma lipids, endogenous Insulin , and CYP17 genotype in breast cancer causation. An evaluation of compliance in cancer patients and non-Insulin dependent diabetics. An exon variant in Insulin receptor gene is associated with susceptibility to colorectal cancer in women An HLA-DR–Degenerate Epitope Pool Detects Insulin -like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2–Specific Immunity in Patients with cancer An Insulin effect on cytoplasmic estrogen receptor in the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. An Insulin -like growth factor-II intronic variant affects local DNA conformation and ovarian cancer survival An investigation into the role of the transcription factor ERG and its regulation of the members of the Insulin -growth factor signalling pathway in prostate cancer An N-terminal fragment of Insulin -like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) induces apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells in an IGF-independent manner Analysis of apoptosis-related gene expression in different serum level of Insulin -like growth factor-1 in mice breast cancer tissue Analysis of expression profile of gene encoding proteins of signal cascades activated by Insulin -like growth factors in colorectal cancer Analysis of genomic imprinting of Insulin -like growth factor 2 in colorectal cancer Analysis of Insulin -like growth factor I gene expression in malignancy: evidence for a paracrine role in human breast cancer ANALYSIS OF Insulin -LIKE GROWTH FACTOR-H IN HUMAN BREAST cancer CELLS Analyzing structural differences between Insulin receptor (IR) and IGF1R for designing small molecule allosteric inhibitors of IGF1R as novel anti-cancer agents Androgen receptor up-regulates Insulin -like growth factor binding protein-5 (IGFBP-5) expression in a human prostate cancer xenograft Androgens up-regulate the Insulin -like growth factor-I receptor in prostate cancer cells Animal Models of HyperInsulin emia, Insulin Resistance, and cancer ANTI-Insulin RESISTANCE TREATMENTS SUPPRESS HER2+ BREAST cancer GROWTH VIA ALTERING METABOLISM Anti-Insulin -like growth factor strategies in breast cancer Anti‐Insulin ‐like growth factor‐I activity of a novel polysulphonated distamycin A derivative in human lung cancer cell lines Anticarcinogenic effect of quercetin by inhibition of Insulin -like growth factor (IGF)-1 signaling in mouse skin cancer Antimetastatic activity of Insulin -like growth factor binding protein-3 in lung cancer is mediated by Insulin -like growth factor–independent urokinase-type plasminogen … Antiproliferative actions of Insulin -like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3 in human breast cancer cells Antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of a specific anti-Insulin -like growth factor I receptor single chain antibody on breast cancer cells Antiproliferative and proapoptotic effect of ascorbyl stearate in human pancreatic cancer cells: association with decreased expression of Insulin -like growth factor 1 … Antiproliferative MCR peptides block physical interaction of Insulin with retinoblastoma protein (RB) in human lung cancer cells Antisense oligonucleotide targeting of Insulin ‐like growth factor‐1 receptor (IGF‐1R) in prostate cancer Antisense oligonucleotide to Insulin -like growth factor II induces apoptosis in human ovarian cancer AO cell line Antisense phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide down‐regulation of the Insulin ‐like growth factor I receptor in ovarian cancer cells Antisense RNA to the type I Insulin -like growth factor receptor reversed the transformed phenotype of PC-3 human prostate cancer cell line in vitro Antisense RNA to the type I Insulin -like growth factor receptor suppresses tumor growth and prevents invasion by rat prostate cancer cells in vivo Antitumor effects of a soluble Insulin -like growth factor I receptor in human ovarian cancer cells: advantage of recombinant protein administration in vivo Antitumor effects of an adenovirus expressing antisense Insulin -like growth factor I receptor on human lung cancer cell lines Antitumor effects of dual inhibition of the Src and Insulin -like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) pathways in prostate cancer (PCa). Apigenin attenuates Insulin -like growth factor-I signaling in an autochthonous mouse prostate cancer model Apigenin modulates Insulin -like growth factor axis: implications for prevention and therapy of prostate cancer Apigenin suppresses Insulin ‐like growth factor I receptor signaling in human prostate cancer : An in vitro and in vivo study Apigenin: a promising anticancer agent for the modulation of the Insulin -like Growth Factor (IGF) axis in prostate cancer Application of Insulin in external treatment of radioactive dermatitis in nasopharyngeal cancer patients with hyperglycemia Applications of Insulin -like growth factor system in the colorectal cancer Are dietary influences on the risk of prostate cancer mediated through the Insulin ‐like growth factor system? Are plasma Insulin -like growth factor I (IGF-I) and IGF-binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) useful markers of prostate cancer ? Are racial differences in obesity and Insulin resistance related to aggressive breast cancer ? Are sulfonylurea and Insulin therapies associated with a larger risk of cancer than metformin therapy? A retrospective database analysis Are the Insulin -like growth factors relevant to cancer ? Are there Relationships between the VDR-FokI Polymorphism and Vitamin D and the Insulin Resistance in Non-melanoma Skin cancer (NMSC) Patients? A Protocol … Arthralgia induced by endocrine treatment for breast cancer : a prospective study of serum levels of Insulin like growth factor-I, its binding protein and … Aspects of Insulin -like growth factor binding proteins in cancer Aspirin, NSAIDs, and colorectal cancer : possible involvement in an Insulin -related pathway Assessing the role of Insulin ‐like growth factors and binding proteins in prostate cancer using Mendelian randomization: Genetic variants as instruments for circulating … Assessment of Insulin -like growth factors and mutagen sensitivity as predictors of lung cancer risk Association between adiponectin, Insulin resistance, and endometrial cancer Association between androgen deprivation and serum Insulin levels among Ugandan men with advanced prostate cancer in Mulago Hospital Association between cognitive impairment patient with solid cancer and Insulin resistance Association between components of the Insulin -like growth factor system and endometrial cancer risk Association between components of the Insulin -like growth factor system and epithelial ovarian cancer risk Association between expression of Insulin resistance (IR) related genes and breast cancer outcome Association between Insulin receptor substrate 1 Gly972Arg polymorphism and cancer risk Association between Insulin resistance and breast cancer risk: A Mendelian randomization analysis of data from 228,000 women of European descent Association between Insulin resistance and luminal B subtype breast cancer in postmenopausal women Association between Insulin therapy and risk of liver cancer among diabetics: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies Association between Insulin -like growth factor 1 gene rs35767 polymorphisms and cancer risk: A meta-analysis Association between Insulin -like growth factor binding protein-3 promoter polymorphism of− 1590 C> A and lung cancer susceptibility in a Chinese Han population Association between Insulin -like growth factor receptors & cell density in breast cancer cells Association between Insulin -like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) negativity and poor prognosis in a cohort of women with primary breast cancer Association between Insulin -like growth factor-binding protein-3 polymorphism-202 A/C and the risk of prostate cancer : a meta-analysis Association between Insulin ‐like growth factor‐1 polymorphisms and stomach cancer risk in a Japanese population Association between polymorphisms of Insulin -like growth factor receptor gene and susceptibility to non-small-cell lung cancer in Fujian Chinese Association between preoperative serum Insulin levels and lymph node metastasis in endometrial cancer —a prospective cohort study Association Between Serum Insulin and C-Peptide Levels and Breast cancer : An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Association between serum Insulin and serum lipid substances and breast cancer Association between the Insulin -like growth factor 1 gene rs2195239 and rs2162679 polymorphisms and cancer risk: a meta-analysis Association between two functional polymorphisms of Insulin -like growth factor binding protein 3 and colorectal cancer risk in a Chinese population Association of abnormal glucose metabolism and Insulin resistance in patients with atypical and typical endometrial cancer Association of adipokines and Insulin , which have a role in obesity, with colorectal cancer Association of Adipokines and Insulin , Which Have a Role in Obesity, with Colorectal cancer Association of angiopoietin-2, C-reactive protein and markers of obesity and Insulin resistance with survival outcome in colorectal cancer Association of biomarkers of Insulin resistance and inflammation with PET CT SUV values in stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Association of biomarkers of Insulin resistance and inflammation with skeletal muscle index (SMI) in stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Association of circulating Insulin -like growth factor 1 and Insulin -like growth factor binding protein 3 with the risk of ovarian cancer : a systematic review and … Association of Circulating Insulin -like Growth Factors and IGF Binding Protein with Early Cases of cancer Cervix. Association of dyslipidemia, increased Insulin resistance, and serum CA 15-3 with increased risk of breast cancer in urban areas of North and Central India Association of fasting serum Insulin and cancer mortality in a healthy population–28-year follow-up of the French TELECOM Study Association of Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 G972R Variant with Non-small Cell Lung cancer Risk. Association of Insulin -like growth factor-1 polymorphism and risk of esophageal cancer [J] Association of Insulin -like growth factor-I receptor polymorphism with colorectal cancer development Association of Insulin ‐like growth‐factor‐I‐induced DNA synthesis with phosphorylation and nuclear exclusion of p53 in human breast cancer MCF‐7 cells Association of Insulin , Insulin -like growth factor and Insulin -like growth factor binding proteins with the risk of colorectal cancer Association of Insulin , Metformin, and Statin with Mortality in Breast cancer Patients Association of markers of Insulin and glucose control with subsequent colorectal cancer risk Association of metabolic parameters, lipid and cytokine profiling, androgens and Insulin levels in Precancer and Prostate cancer : A cross-sectional study in … Association of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 with age, glucose, BMI, Insulin and other breast cancer biomarkers Association of NAFLD and Insulin Resistance with Non Metastatic Bladder cancer Patients: A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study Association of polymorphisms and haplotypes in the Insulin -like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) gene with breast cancer in Korean women Association of polymorphisms and haplotypes in the Insulin -like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) gene with the risk of breast cancer in Korean women Association of prognosis with Insulin -like growth factor receptor type I expression in gastric cancer patients: a meta-analysis Association of prostate cancer risk with Insulin , glucose, and anthropometry in the Baltimore longitudinal study of aging Association of serum hemoglobin A1c, C‑peptide and Insulin ‑like growth factor‑1 levels with the occurrence and development of lung cancer Association of the Insulin gene polymorphism and colorectal cancer . Association of visceral adiposity and Insulin resistance with colorectal adenoma and colorectal cancer Associations between circulating Insulin -like growth factor 1 and mortality in women with invasive breast cancer Associations between Insulin -like growth factors and their binding proteins and other prognostic indicators in breast cancer Associations between plasma Insulin -like growth factor proteins and C-peptide and quality of life in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer Associations of adipokines & Insulin resistance with sex steroids in patients with breast cancer . Associations of chronic inflammation, Insulin resistance, and severe obesity with mortality, myocardial infarction, cancer , and chronic pulmonary disease Associations of hyperglycemia and Insulin usage with the risk of cancer in type 2 diabetes: the Hong Kong diabetes registry Associations of Insulin and IGFBP-3 with lung cancer susceptibility in current smokers Associations of Insulin resistance and adiponectin with mortality in women with breast cancer Associations of Insulin -like growth factor binding proteins and adiponectin with disease progression and mortality in metastatic colorectal cancer : Results from CALGB … Associations of Insulin ‐like growth factor and Insulin ‐like growth factor binding protein‐3 with mortality in women with breast cancer Associations of obesity and circulating Insulin and glucose with breast cancer risk: a Mendelian randomization analysis Associations of serum C-peptide and Insulin -like growth factor binding proteins-3 with breast cancer deaths Associations of serum isoflavone, adiponectin and Insulin levels with risk for epithelial ovarian cancer : results of a case-control study AT1-IR-beta association: A new mechanism for the inhibition of Insulin receptor function in breast cancer Augmentation of response to nab-paclitaxel by inhibition of Insulin -like growth factor (IGF) signaling in preclinical pancreatic cancer models Aurora-A down-regulates IkappaBα via Akt activation and interacts with Insulin -like growth factor-1 induced phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway for cancer … Authors’ response: Associations of obesity and circulating Insulin and glucose with breast cancer risk Autoantibodies against Insulin -like growth factor‑binding protein-2 as a serological biomarker in the diagnosis of lung cancer Autocrine function for Insulin -like growth factor I in human small cell lung cancer cell lines and fresh tumor cells Autocrine IGF-I/Insulin receptor axis compensates for inhibition of AKT in ER-positive breast cancer cells with resistance to estrogen deprivation Autocrine production of Insulin -like growth factor II using an inducible expression system results in reduced estrogen sensitivity of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Autocrine role of Insulin -like growth factor (IGF)-I in a human thyroid cancer cell line Azathioprine desensitizes liver cancer cells to Insulin -like growth factor 1 and causes apoptosis when it is combined with bafilomycin A1 Basal expression of Insulin ‐like growth factor 1 receptor determines intrinsic resistance of cancer cells to a phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase inhibitor ZSTK474 Baseline Insulin -like growth factor-I plasma levels, systemic inflammation, weight loss and clinical outcome in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer patients Beta-cell function and Insulin resistance evaluated by HOMA in pancreatic cancer subjects with varying degrees of glucose intolerance Bidirectional crosstalk between leptin and Insulin -like growth factor-I signaling promotes invasion and migration of breast cancer cells via transactivation of epidermal … Bifurcation analysis of Insulin regulated mTOR signalling pathway in cancer cells Binding characteristics of pro-Insulin -like growth factor-II from cancer patients: binary and ternary complex formation with IGF binding proteins-1 to-6 Bioavailable Insulin -like growth factor-I as mediator of racial disparity in obesity-relevant breast and colorectal cancer risk among postmenopausal women Biochemical and Genetic Markers in Aggressiveness and Recurrence of Prostate cancer : Race-Specific Links to Inflammation and Insulin Resistance Biochemical characterization of individual human glycosylated pro-Insulin -like growth factor (IGF)-II and big-IGF-II isoforms associated with cancer Biologic roles of estrogen receptor-β and Insulin -like growth factor-2 in triple-negative breast cancer Biological activity of rainbow trout Ea4‐peptide of the pro‐Insulin ‐like growth factor (pro‐IGF)‐I on promoting attachment of breast cancer cells (MDA‐MB‐231) via α2 … Biological effects of Insulin and its analogs on cancer cells with different Insulin family receptor expression Biology of Insulin -like growth factor binding protein-4 and its role in cancer Biomarkers of Insulin and the Insulin -Like Growth Factor Axis in Relation to Breast cancer Risk in Chinese Women Biomarkers of the Insulin -like growth factor pathway predict progression and outcome in lung cancer Bisphosphonates inhibit Insulin -like growth factor I-induced HIF-1α protein accumulation and VEGF expression in human beast cancer cells Bisphosphonates suppress Insulin ‐like growth factor 1‐induced angiogenesis via the HIF‐1α/VEGF signaling pathways in human breast cancer cells Blockade of Insulin -like growth factor I receptor function inhibits growth and angiogenesis of colon cancer Blockade of Insulin -like growth factor signaling induces apoptosis and reduces tumorigenesis and tumor progression in gastric cancer . Blockade of Insulin -like growth factors increases efficacy of paclitaxel in metastatic breast cancer Blockade of the Insulin ‐like growth‐factor‐I receptor inhibits growth of human colorectal cancer cells: evidence of a functional IGF‐II‐mediated autocrine loop Blocking the Insulin -like growth factor-I receptor as a strategy for targeting cancer Blood Insulin and Insulin sensitivity in breast cancer patients of various ages: the effect of smoking BMAL1 rewires mitochondrial metabolism and promotes tumor progress of triple negative breast cancer during Insulin resistance BMS-754807, a small-molecule inhibitor of Insulin -like growth factor-1 receptor/Insulin receptor, enhances gemcitabine response in pancreatic cancer Body composition changes in rats with experimental cancer cachexia: improvement with exogenous Insulin Body mass index influences the prognostic impact of combined nuclear Insulin receptor and estrogen receptor expression in primary breast cancer Body mass index, type 2 diabetes, and Insulin prescription in adolescents and young adults with cancer Body Size, Physical Activity, Early-Life Energy Restriction, and Associations with Methylated Insulin -like Growth Factor–Binding Protein Genes in Colorectal cancer Body size, physical activity, genetic variants in the Insulin -like growth factor pathway and colorectal cancer risk Bone stromal production of Insulin -like growth factor binding protein 5 promotes growth and survival of prostate cancer Bone turnover markers and Insulin -like growth factor components in metastatic breast cancer : results from a randomised trial of exemestane vs megestrol acetate. Boostrapping at Several Frequencies Supports Plasma Insulin As a Potential Marker of Breast cancer Risk Branched chain amino acid suppressed Insulin -initiated proliferation of human cancer cells through induction of autophagy BRCA1 regulates Insulin ‑like growth factor 1 receptor levels in ovarian cancer Breast cancer Incidence in Diabetes Mellitus Patients on Insulin Glargine Compared with Human Neutral Protamine Hagedorn Insulin Treatment Breast cancer is associated to impaired glucose/Insulin homeostasis in premenopausal obese/overweight patients Breast cancer Resistance Protein 1 deficient male mice exhibit impaired estrogen action and Insulin resistance Breast cancer Risk and Insulin Resistance: Post Genome-Wide Gene–Environment Interaction Study Using a Random Survival Forest Breast cancer risk factors in relation to estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, Insulin -like growth factor-1 receptor, and Ki67 expression in normal breast … Breast cancer Risk in Japanese Women with Special Reference to the Growth Hormone-Insulin -Iike Growth Factor Axis Breast cancer stem cells cultured without Insulin and effect of estrogen induction Breast cancer : Worse Prognosis in Insulin -Treated Diabetic Patients Bufalin inhibited cell proliferation and expression of Insulin -like growth factor 2 and type 1 receptor in human colorectal cancer cells C-105 Insulin and IGFBP-3 associated with lung cancer susceptibility in current smokers c‐Src, Insulin ‐like growth factor I receptor, G‐protein‐coupled receptor kinases and focal adhesion kinase are enriched into prostate cancer cell exosomes CA repeat polymorphism in the Insulin -like growth factor-I gene is associated with increased risk of prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia Caffeine and caffeic acid inhibit growth and modify estrogen receptor (ER)-α and Insulin -like growth factor I receptor (IGF-IR) levels in human breast cancer Caffeine and caffeic acid inhibit growth and modify estrogen receptor and Insulin -like growth factor I receptor levels in human breast cancer Caloric restriction and Insulin -like growth factors in aging and cancer Calories and cancer : the role of Insulin -like growth factor-1 Can the Insulin -like growth factors regulate breast cancer growth? cancer and Insulin -like growth factor-I: a potential mechanism linking the environment with cancer riskcancer at Insulin injection sitecancer causes metabolic perturbations associated with reduced Insulin -stimulated glucose uptake in peripheral tissues and impaired muscle microvascular …cancer causes metabolic perturbations associated with reduced Insulin -stimulated glucose uptake in peripheral tissues and impaired muscle microvascular perfusioncancer cell-derived clusterin modulates the phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase-Akt pathway through attenuation of Insulin -like growth factor 1 during serum deprivationcancer incidence among those initiating Insulin therapy with glargine versus human NPH Insulin cancer incidence and mortality in patients with Insulin -treated diabetes: a UK cohort studycancer incidence and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with human Insulin : a cohort study in Shanghaicancer occurrence in Danish diabetic patients: duration and Insulin effectscancer risk among Insulin users: comparing analogues with human Insulin in the CARING five-country cohort studycancer risk associated with Insulin glargine among adult type 2 diabetes patients–a nationwide cohort studycancer risk factors associated with Insulin -like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-binding protein-3 levels in healthy women: effect modification by menopausal statuscancer specific mortality in Insulin -treated type 2 diabetes patientscancer -drug induced Insulin resistance: innocent bystander or unusual suspectcancer : A Paradoxical Form of Adaptation? Insulin -Cortisol Dominance and Epigenetic AspectsCarbohydrate restriction, prostate cancer growth, and the Insulin ‐like growth factor axis Cardiopulmonary fitness, adiponectin, chemerin associated fasting Insulin level in colorectal cancer patients Cardiovascular risk and Insulin resistance in childhood cancer survivors CARING (cancer Risk and Insulin analoGues): the association of diabetes mellitus and cancer risk with focus on possible determinants-a systematic review and a … Case–control study of markers of Insulin resistance and endometrial cancer risk Castration aggravates Insulin resistance, reduces immune function and improves quality of life of prostate cancer patients Celecoxib inhibits Insulin -like growth factor 1 induced growth and invasion in non-small cell lung cancer Cell-associated Insulin -like growth factor-binding proteins inhibit Insulin -like growth factor-I-induced endometrial cancer cell proliferation. Cell-Cell Adhesion and Insulin -Like Growth Factor I Receptor in Breast cancer Central and Peripheral Effects of Insulin /IGF‐1 Signaling in Aging and cancer : Antidiabetic Drugs as Geroprotectors and Anticarcinogens Ceritinib aggravates glycemic control in Insulin -treated patients with diabetes and metastatic ALK-positive lung cancer Cervical Epidermal Growth Factor‐Receptor (EGF‐R) and Serum Insulin ‐Like Growth Factor II (IGF‐II) Levels are Potential Markers for Cervical cancer 1 Cetuximab-induced Insulin -like growth factor receptor I activation mediates cetuximab resistance in gastric cancer cells Challenges in modulating Insulin receptor signalling as a therapeutic strategy for cancer Change of the growth hormone–Insulin -like growth factor-I axis in patients with gastrointestinal cancer : related to tumour type and nutritional status Changes in glucose, Insulin , and Insulin resistance from presurgery to post adjuvant treatment for breast cancer . Changes in Insulin receptor signaling underlie neoadjuvant metformin administration in breast cancer : a prospective window of opportunity neoadjuvant study Changes in metabolic risk, Insulin resistance, leptin and adiponectin following a lifestyle intervention in overweight and obese breast cancer survivors Changes of androgen receptor and Insulin -like growth factor-1 in LNCaP prostate cancer cells treated with sex hormones and flutamide. Changes of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in the peripheral blood and their correlation with Insulin resistance in different stages of prostate cancer Characterization of an amino-terminal fragment of Insulin -like growth factor binding protein-3 and its effects in MCF-7 breast cancer cells Characterization of Insulin regulation of lipid synthesis in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells Characterization of Insulin -like growth factor 1 receptors (IGF1-R) in human breast cancer cell lines. Characterization of Insulin -like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) binding to human breast cancer cells: kinetics of IGFBP-3 binding and identification of … Characterization of Insulin -like growth factor binding proteins from human breast cancer cells Characterization of Insulin -like growth factor I (IGF-I) receptors of human breast cancer cells Characterization of Insulin -like growth factor I binding sites in human bladder cancer cell lines Characterization of Insulin -like growth factor I receptors and growth effects in human lung cancer cell lines Characterization of Insulin -like growth factor II receptors in human small cell lung cancer cell lines Characterization of the Insulin and Transferrin Receptors of Two cancer Cell Lines. Characterization of the Role of Insulin , IGF-1 and their Receptor Signaling in Proliferation and Survival of Non-Small Cell Lung cancer Cells Characterization of the Role of Integrins in Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 and 2 (IGF1 and IGF2) Intracellular Signaling In cancer Characterizing the role of Insulin signalling in advanced prostate cancer Chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer is driven by stroma-derived Insulin -like growth factors Chemoresistant colorectal cancer cells, the cancer stem cell phenotype, and increased sensitivity to Insulin -like growth factor-I receptor inhibition Chemosensitization of human prostate cancer using antisense agents targeting the type 1 Insulin ‐like growth factor receptor Cholesterol synthetase DHCR24 induced by Insulin aggravates cancer invasion and progesterone resistance in endometrial carcinoma Chronic inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin signaling downregulates Insulin receptor substrates 1 and 2 and AKT activation: a crossroad between cancer and … Chronic Insulin exposure does not cause Insulin resistance but is associated with chemo-resistance in colon cancer cells Chronic Viral Hepatitis Signifies the Association of Premixed Insulin Analogues with Liver cancer Risks: A Nationwide Population-Based Study Chronological Effect on Insulin and Glycemic Status in cancer Pain Patients Cigarette smoking exposure, serum Insulin -like growth factors, and cancer risk: A population-based study Circ_0000003 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer cells via miR-338-3p/Insulin receptor substrate 2 Circadian aspects of growth hormone–Insulin -like growth factor axis function in patients with lung cancer Circulating adipokines data associated with Insulin secretagogue use in breast cancer patients Circulating concentrations of Insulin -like growth factor I and risk of breast cancer Circulating free Insulin -like growth factor (IGF)-I, total IGF-I, and IGF binding protein-3 levels do not predict the future risk to develop prostate cancer : results of a case … Circulating growth factors data associated with Insulin secretagogue use in women with incident breast cancer Circulating Insulin and c-peptide levels and risk of breast cancer among predominately premenopausal women Circulating Insulin -like growth factor axis and the risk of pancreatic cancer in four prospective cohorts Circulating Insulin -like growth factor binding protein-1 and the risk of pancreatic cancer Circulating Insulin -like growth factor-1 level and ovarian cancer risk Circulating Insulin -like growth factor-I and binding protein-3 and risk of prostate cancer Circulating Insulin -like growth factor-I and binding protein-3 and the risk of breast cancer Circulating Insulin -like growth factor-I in pregnancy and maternal risk of breast cancer Circulating Insulin -like growth factor-I levels regulate colon cancer growth and metastasis Circulating Insulin -like growth factors and IGF-binding proteins in PSA-detected prostate cancer : the large case–control study ProtecT Circulating Insulin ‐like growth factor I in relation to melanoma risk in the European Prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition Circulating Insulin ‐like growth factor peptides and prostate cancer risk: a systematic review and meta‐analysis Circulating Insulin ‐like growth factor‐I, total and free testosterone concentrations and prostate cancer risk in 200 000 men in UK Biobank Circulating interleukin 6 concentrations and Insulin resistance in patients with cancer Circulating Levels of C-Peptide (Pancreatic Marker of Insulin Secretion) in Cervical cancer Circulating levels of Insulin -like growth factor 1 and Insulin -like growth factor binding protein 3 associate with risk of colorectal cancer based on serologic and … Circulating levels of Insulin -like growth factor-II and IGF-binding protein 3 in cervical cancer Circulating levels of Insulin -like growth factors, their binding proteins, and breast cancer risk Circulating levels of Insulin ‐like growth factor I, its binding proteins‐1,‐2,‐3, C‐peptide and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer Circulating levels of Insulin ‐like growth factor‐I and risk of ovarian cancer Circulation Insulin -like growth factor peptides and colorectal cancer risk: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis Classifying the adverse mitogenic mode of action of Insulin analogues using a novel mechanism-based genetically engineered human breast cancer cell panel Clinical efficacy of cancer subcutaneous immunotherapy with interleukin-2 in relation to the pretreatment levels of tumor growth factor Insulin -like growth factor-1 Clinical implications of Insulin -like growth factor 1 system in early-stage cervical cancer Clinical implications of Insulin -like growth factor I (IGF-I) and II (IGF-II) in stage IIIB cervical cancer . Clinical prospects of Insulin -like growth factors and IGF binding proteins study in blood serum of ovarian cancer patients Clinical relevance of Insulin regulatory pathways in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progression. Clinical significance of Insulin like growth factor binding protein 3 in patients with lung cancer Clinical significance of Insulin receptor substrate-I down-regulation in non-small cell lung cancer Clinical Significance of Insulin -like Growth Factor 1 and Insulin Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 in Serum of Patients with Lung cancer [J] Clinical significance of Insulin -like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) expression in pancreatic cancer Clinical significance of Insulin -like growth factor type 1 receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor in patients with advanced gastric cancer Clinical significance of Insulin -like growth factor-1 receptor expression in stage I non-small-cell lung cancer : immunohistochemical analysis Clinical significance of Insulin -like growth factor-1 receptor in platinum-based chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer Clinical significance of Insulin -like growth factor-binding protein-3 expression in stage I non-small cell lung cancer Clinical significance of measurement of serum Insulin -like growth factor Ⅱ levels in patients with cervical cancer [J] Clinical significance of serum Insulin like growth factor 1 and Insulin like growth factor binding protein 3 in prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia Clinical significance of serum Insulin -like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and Insulin like growth binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) in patients with gastric cancer Clinical significance of serum Insulin -like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and Insulin like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer Clinical significance of serum Insulin -like growth factor-1 levels in prostatic cancer Clinical value of circulating lipocalins and Insulin -like growth factor axis in pancreatic cancer diagnosis Clinical Value of Circulating Lipocalins and Insulin -Like Growth Factor Axis in Pancreatic cancer Diagnosis Clinical value of selected markers of angiogenesis, inflammation, Insulin resistance and obesity in type 1 endometrial cancer Clinical value of serum level of Insulin -like growth factor-1 diagnosis and treatment for gastric and colorectal cancer Clinical, haemodynamic, anthropometric, metabolic and Insulin profile of men with high‐stage and high‐grade clinical prostate cancer Clinicopathological implication of Insulin -like growth factor-II mRNA-binding protein 3 (IMP3) expression in gastric cancer Clinicopathological significance of Insulin -like growth factor-1 receptor expression in breast cancer . Cloning of a novel Insulin -regulated ghrelin transcript in prostate cancer Co-expression of genes of the Insulin -and estrogen signaling system and correlation with clinical parameters in breast cancer patients Co-inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor and Insulin -like growth factor receptor 1 enhances radiosensitivity in human breast cancer cells Co-operativity between oestrogen and Insulin /IGF-I in the control of breast cancer cell proliferation. Co-targeting HER2/ErbB2 and Insulin -like growth factor-1 receptors causes synergistic inhibition of growth in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. Co-targeting Insulin -like growth factor I receptor and HER2: dramatic effects of HER2 inhibitors on nonoverexpressing breast cancer Co-targeting leptin and Insulin -like growth factor I signaling: dramatic effects of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors on triple negative breast cancer cells. Co-targeting the HER and IGF/Insulin receptor axis in breast cancer , with triple targeting with endocrine therapy for hormone-sensitive disease Co-targeting the Insulin -like growth factor I receptor enhances growth-inhibitory and pro-apoptotic effects of anti-estrogens in human breast cancer cell lines Cohort study of Insulin glargine and risk of breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer among patients with diabetes Colon cancer promotion, Insulin resistance and metabolic measures, the role of dietary calcium, vitamin D and fat Colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Study of the effect of Insulin therapy COLORECTAL cancer AND THE GROWTH HORMONE/Insulin -LIKE GROWTH FACTOR-I AXIS Colorectal cancer mortality and factors related to the Insulin resistance syndrome Colorectal cancer : Genomic variations in Insulin -like growth factor-1 and-2 Combination of Insulin -like growth factor-1, IGF binding protein-3, chromogranin A and prostate specific antigen can improve the detection of prostate cancer Combination therapy approaches to target Insulin -like growth factor receptor signaling in breast cancer Combination therapy of Insulin -like growth factor binding protein-3 and retinoid X receptor ligands synergize on prostate cancer cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo Combination treatment strategies with a focus on rosiglitazone and adriamycin for Insulin resistant liver cancer Combined in vivo effect of A12, a type 1 Insulin -like growth factor receptor antibody, and docetaxel against prostate cancer tumors Combined inhibition of Insulin -like growth factor-1 receptor enhances the effects of gefitinib in a human non-small cell lung cancer resistant cell line Combined treatment with GH, Insulin , and indomethacin alleviates cancer cachexia in a mouse model Comment on association between Insulin -like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and bone mineral density: further evidence linking IGF-I to breast cancer risk Comment on: Morden et al. Further Exploration of the Relationship Between Insulin Glargine and Incident cancer : A Retrospective Cohort Study of Older Medicare … Comment on: Need for Differentiating Diabetes-Specific Mortality from Total Mortality when Comparing Metformin with Insulin Regarding cancer Survival Comment on: Yang et al.(2010) Associations of Hyperglycemia and Insulin Usage With the Risk of cancer in Type 2 Diabetes: The Hong Kong Diabetes Registry … Comment on: Yang et al.(2010) Associations of hyperglycemia and Insulin usage with the risk of cancer in type 2 diabetes: the Hong Kong Diabetes Registry. Diabetes … Commentary on Validation of the type 1 Insulin -like growth factor receptor as a therapeutic target in renal cancer : Yuen JS, Akkaya E, Wang Y, Takiguchi M, Peak S … Comparative Analysis of Insulin -like Growth Factor I and Tumour-associated Antigens in cancer Patients at the Time of Diagnosis Comparative gene expression and proteomic analysis of IGF-I and Insulin signaling in a large panel of breast cancer cell lines Comparative study of blood Insulin levels in breast and endometrial cancer patients Comparative study of Insulin resistance after open and laparoscopic Miles radical resection of rectal cancer Comparing pioglitazone to Insulin with respect to cancer , cardiovascular and bone fracture endpoints, using propensity score weights Comparison of clinical efficacy between laparotomy and laparoscopic radical surgery for gastric cancer and their effects on CRP, CEA and Insulin resistance. Comparison of telomere length and Insulin ‐like growth factor‐binding protein 7 promoter methylation between breast cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues in … Comparisons of Endothelial Dysfunction, Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in Differentiated Thyroid cancer Patients According to Their Radioactive Iodine … Compensatory Insulin receptor (IR) activation on inhibition of Insulin -like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R): rationale for cotargeting IGF-1R and IR in cancer Compensatory Insulin receptor (IR) activation upon inhibition of Insulin -like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R): Rationale for co-targeting IGF-1R and IR in cancer Comprehensive analysis of expression patterns of Insulin -like growth factor and Src pathway in patients with non-small cell lung cancer : Two large, independent … Comprehensive analysis of potential predictive biomarkers for Insulin -like growth factor type-1 receptor (IGF-1R) targeted therapy in pancreatic cancer . Concentration of Insulin -like growth factor is linked with breast cancer Concordant loss of imprinting of the human Insulin -like growth factor II gene promoters in cancer Conditioned media from MCF7 and BT474 breast cancer cells induce Insulin resistance in skeletal muscle myotubes Conjugated linoleic acid decreases mcf-7 human breast cancer cell growth and Insulin -like growth factor-1 receptor levels Conjugated linoleic acid downregulates Insulin -like growth factor-I receptor levels in HT-29 human colon cancer cells Connecting Pathway Errors in the Insulin Signaling Cascade: The Molecular Link to Inflammation, Obesity, cancer , and Alzheimer’s Disease Constitutive Activation of Insulin Receptor Substrate 1 in Breast cancer : Therapeutic Implication Consumption of fresh yellow onion ameliorates hyperglycemia and Insulin resistance in breast cancer patients during doxorubicin-based chemotherapy: a … Control of Expression of Insulin -Like Growth Factor II in Stromal Cells of Breast cancer Control of luminal type A intrinsic subtype enriched transcription factor network by Insulin : implications of diabetes on breast cancer classification. Correction: Hsp27 Promotes Insulin -Like Growth Factor-I Survival Signaling in Prostate cancer via p90Rsk-Dependent Phosphorylation and Inactivation of BAD Correlation among Insulin binding, degradation, and biological activity in human breast cancer cells in long-term tissue culture Correlation between Body Mass Index, Insulin and Insulin -like Growth Factor-1 in Breast cancer Research [J] Correlation between Insulin -like growth factor-binding protein-3 promoter methylation and prognosis of patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer Correlation of Insulin -like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) expression and clinical outcome in K-RAS wild-type colorectal cancer patients treated with cetuximab-irinotecan Correlation of Insulin -like Growth Factor 1 Receptor Expression With Different Molecular Subtypes of Breast cancer in the UAE Correlation of Insulin -like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) to angiogenesis of breast cancer in IGF-1-deficient mice Correlation of Insulin -like growth factor-binding protein-3 messenger RNA with protein expression in primary breast cancer tissues: detection of higher levels in tumors … Correlation of proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells with both saturation index and cell membrane Insulin receptors Correlation of Proliferation of Pancreatic cancer Cells With Both Saturation Index and Cell Membrane Insulin Receptors Correlation of Serum Insulin -like Growth Factor 1 with Prostate cancer Correlation of the sectetion of Insulin and C-peptide in cancer patients Correlations of Insulin -like growth factor I and Insulin -like growth factor I receptor with the clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with colon cancer . Correlations of recurrence after radical surgery for esophageal cancer with glucose-lipid metabolism, Insulin resistance, inflammation, stress and serum p53 … Corrigendum to” Effects of a home-based exercise program on the Insulin -like growth factor axis in patients operated for colorectal cancer in Sweden: Results from the … Could exemestane affect Insulin -like growth factors, interleukin 6 and bone metabolism in postmenopausal advanced breast cancer patients after failure on … Critical appraisal of the recent data published on the link between Insulin and cancer Cross-talk among estrogen receptor, epidermal growth factor, and Insulin -like growth factor signaling in breast cancer Cross-talk between the ErbB/HER family and the type I Insulin -like growth factor receptor signaling pathway in breast cancer Cross-talk between β1 Integrins and Insulin -like Growth Factor I Receptor in Prostate cancer Crosstalk between epidermal growth factor receptor-and Insulin -like growth factor-1 receptor signaling: implications for cancer therapy Crosstalk between Insulin receptor and G protein-coupled receptor signaling systems leads to Ca2+ oscillations in pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells Crosstalk between Insulin -like growth factor 1 signaling and the estrogen receptor: Implications for breast cancer cell survival Crosstalk between Insulin /IGF-1 and GPCR signaling systems: a novel target for the anti-diabetic drug metformin in pancreatic cancer Crosstalk between Runx2 regulatory network and Insulin -like growth factor receptor/Akt signaling pathway in bone metastasis of breast cancer Crosstalk between the Insulin -like growth factors and estrogens in breast cancer Crosstalk of the Insulin -like growth factor receptor with the Wnt signaling pathway in breast cancer Curcumin upregulates Insulin ‐like growth factor binding protein‐5 (IGFBP‐5) and C/EBPα during oral cancer suppression Cyclooxygenase-2 modulates the Insulin -like growth factor axis in non–small-cell lung cancer Cytotoxic gene therapy for human breast cancer in vitro using thymidine kinase directed by the Insulin promoter Data report on inflammatory C–C chemokines among Insulin -using women with diabetes mellitus and breast cancer Dataset on granulopoiesis-and lymphopoiesis-stimulating cytokine levels in Insulin secretagogue users with incident breast cancer Dataset on growth factor levels and Insulin use in patients with diabetes mellitus and incident breast cancer De novo lipogenesis is required for Insulin -mediated hepatocarcinogenesis and contributes to human liver cancer prognosis Decline of the red blood cell count in patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy for localized prostate cancer : impact of ADT on Insulin -like growth factor-1 and … Decreased expression of Insulin -like growth factor binding protein 3 and its death receptor in association with poor prognosis of the patients with gastric cancer Decreased expression of the mannose 6-phosphate/Insulin -like growth factor-II receptor promotes growth of human breast cancer cells Decreased incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using Insulin : a pilot study Decreased production of Insulin ‐like growth factor‐binding protein (IGFBP)‐6 by transfection of colon cancer cells with an antisense IGFBP‐6 cDNA construct leads to … Decreased prostate cancer cell migration by inhibition of the Insulin -like growth factor II/Mannose-6-Phosphate receptor Decreased serum levels of Insulin -like growth factor (IGF)-I in patients with lung cancer : temporal relationship with growth hormone (GH) levels. Deficiency of proton-sensing ovarian cancer G protein-coupled receptor 1 attenuates glucose-stimulated Insulin secretion Defining the Critical role for the Insulin -Like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) axis in prostate cancer using genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models Defining the pathway to Insulin -like growth factor system targeting in cancer Degradation of Insulin ‐like growth factor‐I receptor occurs via ubiquitin‐proteasome pathway in human lung cancer cells Dehydroepiandrosterone, Insulin -like growth factor-I, and prostate cancer Deleterious Effect of Chemotherapy on Measures of Insulin Resistance in Patients with Newly-Diagnosed Invasive Breast cancer . Demonstration of Insulin -like growth factor (IGF-I and-II) receptors and binding protein in human breast cancer cell lines Demonstration of receptors for Insulin -like growth factor binding protein-3 on Hs578T human breast cancer cells. Depletion of Insulin -like growth factor 1 receptor increases radiosensitivity in colorectal cancer Detection of Insulin -like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) by li